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Maintaining Timber Windows

A well-maintained timber Window Seal Repairs is a crucial element of the historical fabric of a structure. It reflects, in various degrees, the materials and techniques of the time period it was constructed, as well as the craftsmanship and architectural taste.

When possible, repairs should be made in-situ. Repairing the worst areas of decay is possible by using specialized resin-based systems.

Durability

The windows made of wood in many historical structures were designed to last for a long time. But, they have to be maintained to ensure they look great and working correctly. The most frequently-asked maintenance tasks are repairs to sash-cords and re-tightening the sash pulleys and painting. The need to upgrade windows made of timber to improve efficiency and energy efficiency is also increasing. This can involve replacing old glazing units, fixing the window rebates that are in place or putting up new cills to allow for better air sealing.

One of the main issues with traditional windows is the damage caused by the corrosion of the paintwork. This is particularly important in the case of sash windows because the gaps between sashes can be very large. In these cases water can enter the paint film and cause rotting to the wood or putty underneath. Poor weather conditions can exacerbate the rotting. To stop this from happening windows, they should be regularly painted with a suitable exterior wood paint.

Corroded areas should also be repaired using resin-based products. This will ensure that the maximum possible amount of the original fabric is preserved. It is also important to minimise the number of holes drilled into the frame for cable entry, as they could let in water and cause decay.

Another significant problem with older windows is structural movement in the wall that could cause deformation of the frame and the sash. This can lead to sash not fitting correctly and jamming or sticking into the opening, or breaking glass. This is often corrected by putting in new sash frames made of slow-grown deal (pine) or oak. The cill must be constructed of a durable hardwood like oak to avoid differential movement between the new and existing work.

To alleviate this issue, there are now a variety of companies that manufacture Boston pattern wooden sash that can be fitted into most openings. They are available in a variety of sizes and finishes that meet the needs of the modern homeowner. Combined with quadruple draught strips and a better thermal insulation, these new sash can make an enormous difference to the energy efficiency of your home.

Aesthetics

Many old timber frames have a great aesthetic appeal because they reflect, in some form, the quality of the wood technology, the construction process, and the architectural taste from the time period they were constructed. They could also have a significant historical significance in their individual cases. This is especially true of early windows that were not glazed in timber-framed structures, where the majority of them were series of openings in structural frames subdivided horizontally by mullions with vertical wood or iron bars to protect against invaders.

Traditional window joinery made of timber can be a highly decorative aspect of a building, and is crucial to keep its appearance. When you spot any signs of decay due to water penetration it is crucial to stop it. It is recommended to do this through thorough painting, especially if there is damage or deterioration. It is best to choose paints that are intended to be used in a system (primer undercoat and finish) and to follow the manufacturer's guidelines for preparation and number of coats at each stage.

Wet rot is a frequent problem in older timber windows. The best way to stop it becoming a problem is to take out any damaged or rotten parts as soon as you can to prevent the spread of the fungus that causes it. Replace rotting wood with slow-growing deal (pine) and, when possible, the exact type of wood that is being removed, to prevent differential movement.

Glass became less expensive and more abundant in the late medieval period and into the 17th century. As a result, the openings for glazed windows on timber-framed houses became more complicated with moulded mullions and traceries, made of wood and deep cills projecting into the air. In the past, more often, the glass was laid within rebated frames and secured with 'glazing sprigs', rather than into lead cames. This method of glazing is not only less susceptible to leaks, but it can allow for larger clearer, more transparent sheets of glass to be used in windows than would otherwise have been possible without the need for leaded lights.

Energy efficiency

Traditional timber windows provide a good energy performance due to their thickness, multi-layer construction and very careful attention to detailing. The large glass areas, the deep projecting cills, and the large glazing areas reduce air infiltration. The windows can be made to increase their energy efficiency through draughtproofing and secondary glazing. However, it is important to keep in mind that these measures should be viewed in the context of the overall appearance and integrity of the window in its original form.

It makes sense to fix or upgrade windows, rather than replacing them, especially when the improvements in thermal efficiency can be made through simple repairs. The windows of the past often have a historical value that illustrates a variety of technical development and changes in architectural tastes. Many people believe that these windows will have to be replaced in the near future. However, many of them are still in service for 150,200, and even 250 years if you take care of maintenance.

It is crucial to understand that decay problems in traditional timber windows are easily prevented with timely and thorough repairs. It is also essential to spot damp issues and address them promptly in order to avoid major damage. The early deterioration of paint could be a problem as it allows moisture to penetrate into the wood, which can cause wet rot. It is not uncommon for this damage to go unnoticed until paintwork starts to crack or turn wavier. However, it could cause structural damage and further decay.

A good quality paint will prevent this moisture from entering. It is also essential to keep the paintwork spotless to avoid condensation and mould growth. Modern synthetic paints can pose a problem because they are usually designed to be water-resistant which can cause the growth of mildew inside the window mechnism repair frame.

Most older windows were made from sapwood-rich timber. The timbers will deteriorate rapidly if exposed to wet weather conditions, but they can be protected by an extensive preservative treatment prior to when they are put to use. It is important to choose the right kind of wood for your location and climate, as these factors can affect the durability of the joinery. Local window manufacturers produce a variety of timber sash that can be adapted to fit specific openings in historic buildings. They can be made according to the standard Boston pattern dimensions, or to custom sizes that are in keeping with the historic architecture.

Maintenance

Regular inspection as well as careful redecoration and timely repairs can prolong the lifespan of windows made of timber. The primary cause of decay is moisture intrusion through the deterioration of paint and putty. This can be prevented by thorough painting and the use of an excellent wood preservative.

Repairs to old sash windows as well as casement window frames should be done with care and minimal disruption. A lot of traditional wooden window designs can be repaired without removing the frame, and this approach should be taken whenever possible. Remove any peeling or loose paint and lightly sand the surface to improve the "key" of the surface. This will enable the new coating to stick better. Be careful to avoid stripping old paint layers that might have historical significance, and where these are present, it is recommended that a study of the paint be conducted.

Where a section of timber is rotten, the best option is to eliminate the rotten material and replace it with spliced-in timber inserts that are shaped to match the existing profiles. The timber that is inserted should be treated using wood preservative. The junction between masonry sub-cills and timber cill should be sealed.

It is tempting to replace traditional windows with PVC U, particularly if the installer offers an all-in-one installation that includes both removal and replacement in a single day. It is crucial that the person who installs replacement windows has a full knowledge of the construction and history of traditional timber frames. This will enable them to make the right suggestions for energy efficiency improvements and other technical improvements that do not alter the character of a historic building. Window replacements should be registered with a Competent Persons Scheme like FENSA. This will ensure that the replacement windows are approved as a suitable solution under Building Regulations. It is certainly possible for a skilled and experienced carpenter to install PVC-U windows that fit the the building originally. This is particularly relevant when windows are situated within listed buildings or conservation areas.